Monitoring Aquatic Invasive Species

The Richelieu River and the Chambly Canal National Historic Site are home to a rich biodiversity that contributes to our region's ecological balance. These aquatic environments form a precious ecosystem where a multitude of species coexist, constituting a natural heritage that must be protected.

However, this exceptional biodiversity is now threatened by the introduction of aquatic invasive species (AIS). The establishment of invasive species, such as the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), seriously disrupts the river's balance. By monopolizing resources and breeding grounds, this invader displaces native species and weakens the entire aquatic ecosystem. In the face of this challenge, Parks Canada is actively committed to protecting this environment.

Sampling-Based Monitoring

Since 2023, our teams have been conducting systematic sampling campaigns along the canal. The methodology is based on filtering volumes of water to collect suspended organic matter.

These samples are sent to specialized laboratories for environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. This technique makes it possible to identify the genetic signature of targeted invasive species, even when their population density is very low. This monitoring allows for rapid intervention before non-native species become established in the system.

What is environmental DNA (eDNA)?

Sample of biological material

Environmental DNA, or eDNA, refers to the genetic material left behind by living organisms in their natural environment. Whether it be skin cells, scales, mucus, or biological waste, these genetic traces are continuously released into the water by fish and other living beings, acting as a true signature of the biodiversity present.

Where is eDNA used?

• Conservation: Monitoring threatened species and assessing biodiversity.
• Fisheries Management: Understanding the distribution and abundance of fish.
• Surveillance: Detection of pathogens and invasive species.

How eDNA works and its advantages

• Non-invasive: It does not require disturbing habitats or animals, which is ideal for studying rare or threatened species.
• Increased sensitivity: This technology allows for the detection of scarce or elusive species, sometimes invisible using traditional methods.
• Applications: Used primarily in aquatic environments, analyzing a simple water sample makes it possible to identify the presence of fish, marine mammals, or amphibians.
• Rapid detection: It is effective for monitoring the arrival of invasive species or the health of an ecosystem.

Innovation and technology at the service of environmental monitoring

As part of the environmental monitoring activities at the Chambly Canal, the summer 2026 sampling campaign will integrate the use of an automated sampler designed by MTE Instruments. The device will be primarily dedicated to strengthening the surveillance of aquatic invasive species (AIS).

Testifying to a sustained effort in scientific innovation, this MTE Instruments initiative optimizes the ecological monitoring of the Chambly Canal. By equipping the historic site with state-of-the-art technological tools, this collaboration not only increases the accuracy of our surveys but also strengthens our rapid response capacity against ecological threats to the biodiversity of the Chambly Canal.

Awareness and prevention

These monitoring activities are complemented by active prevention. In collaboration with Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), we are conducting awareness activities aimed at equipping users of the canal and the Richelieu River to prevent the accidental spread of invasive species.

• Information kiosks: Our teams and students organize outreach activities, notably through the presentation of 3D models allowing for visual comparisons between invasive and native species.
• Best practices: The installation of "Clean / Drain / Dry" signage along the canals reminds boaters and anglers of the essential methods to limit the transport of invasive species between bodies of water.